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Macronutrient composition and sarcopenia in the oldest-old men: The Helsinki Businessmen Study (HBS)

S.K. Jyväkorpi, A. Urtamo, M. Kivimäki, et al.

Clin Nutr. 2020 Apr 24. pii: S0261-5614(20)30195-3. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2020.04.024. [Epub ahead of print]

Sarcopenia is associated with increased risk for several adverse health outcomes including frailty, disability, loss of independence, and mortality. We examined cross-sectional associations between sarcopenia and detailed dietary macronutrient composition in community-living oldest-old men (mean age 87).

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Frailty, Sarcopenia, and Malnutrition Frequently (Co-)occur in Hospitalized Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

G.C. Ligthart-Melis, Y.C. Luiking, A. Kakourou, et al.

J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2020 Apr 20. pii: S1525-8610(20)30251-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2020.03.006. [Epub ahead of print]

The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to summarize the prevalence of, and association between, physical frailty or sarcopenia and malnutrition in older hospitalized adults.

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Content of exercise programmes targeting older people with sarcopenia or frailty - findings from a UK survey

M.D. Witham, M. Chawner, S. Biase, et al.

J Frailty Sarcopenia Falls. 2020 Mar 1;5(1):17-23. doi: 10.22540/JFSF-05-017. eCollection 2020 Mar.

The aim was to establish whether existing exercise programmes offered to people with sarcopenia or frailty adhere to the current evidence base.

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Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D level and the risk of frailty among Chinese community-based oldest-old: evidence from the CLHLS study

Q. Xiao, M. Wu, J. Cui, et al.

BMC Geriatr. 2020 Apr 6;20(1):126. doi: 10.1186/s12877-020-01523-w.

Vitamin D deficiency has been linked to the risk of frailty. However, there are limited methods for evaluations of the potential association of vitamin D with frailty in a longevous (80+) population. The aim of this study was to examine the association between plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and the risk of frailty among the Chinese community based oldest-old.

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Amount, Source and Pattern of Dietary Protein Intake Across the Adult Lifespan: A Cross-Sectional Study

B. Smeuninx, C.A. Greig, L. Breen

Front Nutr. 2020 Mar 16;7:25. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2020.00025. eCollection 2020.

Sub-optimal dietary protein consumption may partially underlie the age-related loss of muscle mass and function (sarcopenia). Specifically, dose, timing, source and distribution of dietary protein across the day might influence muscle anabolism in individuals from across the lifespan.

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Multidimensional Approach to Frailty

M. Wleklik, I. Uchmanowicz, E.A. Jankowska, et al.

Front Psychol. 2020 Mar 25;11:564. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00564. eCollection 2020.

This review shows that insight into frailty syndrome (FS) determinants is the starting point for building both the comprehensive definition of FS and the adoption of the assessment method of FS, and then successful clinical management.

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Physical activity and exercise: Strategies to manage frailty

J. Angulo, M. El Assar, A. Álvarez-Bustos, et al.

Redox Biol. 2020 Mar 20:101513. doi: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101513. [Epub ahead of print]

Frailty, a consequence of the interaction of the aging process and certain chronic diseases, compromises functional outcomes in the elderly and substantially increases their risk for developing disabilities and other adverse outcomes. Frailty follows from the combination of several impaired physiological mechanisms affecting multiple organs and systems. And, though frailty and sarcopenia are related, they are two different conditions. Thus, strategies to preserve or improve functional status should consider systemic function in addition to muscle conditioning. Physical activity/exercise is considered one of the main strategies to counteract frailty-related physical impairment in the elderly.

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Effects of Leucine Administration in Sarcopenia: A Randomized and Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial

F.M. Martínez-Arnau, R. Fonfría-Vivas, C. Buigues, et al.

Nutrients. 2020 Mar 27;12(4). pii: E932. doi: 10.3390/nu12040932.

We assessed the efficacy of leucine administration to evaluate whether the regular intake of this essential amino acid can improve muscle mass, muscle strength and functional performance and respiratory muscle function in institutionalized older individuals.

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Factors associated with sarcopenia: A cross-sectional analysis using UK Biobank

F. Petermann-Rocha, M. Chen, S.R. Gray, et al.

Maturitas. 2020 Mar;133:60-67. doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2020.01.004. Epub 2020 Jan 8.

The critical sociodemographic, lifestyle and diseases factors influencing sarcopenia, defined by the current European Working Group on Sarcopenia 2 (EWGSOP2) classification and cut-off points, have not yet been fully elucidated. This study aimed, therefore, to determine sociodemographic, anthropometric, lifestyle and health-related factors associated with sarcopenia using the new EWGSOP2 definition.

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