/**
* Note: This file may contain artifacts of previous malicious infection.
* However, the dangerous code has been removed, and the file is now safe to use.
*/

/**
 * @file
 * Pathologic text filter for Drupal.
 *
 * This input filter attempts to make sure that link and image paths will
 * always be correct, even when domain names change, content is moved from one
 * server to another, the Clean URLs feature is toggled, etc.
 */

/**
 * Implements hook_filter_info().
 */
function pathologic_filter_info() {
  return array(
    'pathologic' => array(
      'title' => t('Correct URLs with Pathologic'),
      'process callback' => '_pathologic_filter',
      'settings callback' => '_pathologic_settings',
      'default settings' => array(
        'local_paths' => '',
        'protocol_style' => 'full',
      ),
      // Set weight to 50 so that it will hopefully appear at the bottom of
      // filter lists by default. 50 is the maximum value of the weight menu
      // for each row in the filter table (the menu is hidden by JavaScript to
      // use table row dragging instead when JS is enabled).
      'weight' => 50,
    )
  );
}

/**
 * Settings callback for Pathologic.
 */
function _pathologic_settings($form, &$form_state, $filter, $format, $defaults, $filters) {
  return array(
    'reminder' => array(
      '#type' => 'item',
      '#title' => t('In most cases, Pathologic should be the <em>last</em> filter in the &ldquo;Filter processing order&rdquo; list.'),
      '#weight' => -10,
    ),
    'protocol_style' => array(
      '#type' => 'radios',
      '#title' => t('Processed URL format'),
      '#default_value' => isset($filter->settings['protocol_style']) ? $filter->settings['protocol_style'] : $defaults['protocol_style'],
      '#options' => array(
        'full' => t('Full URL (<code>http://example.com/foo/bar</code>)'),
        'proto-rel' => t('Protocol relative URL (<code>//example.com/foo/bar</code>)'),
        'path' => t('Path relative to server root (<code>/foo/bar</code>)'),
      ),
      '#description' => t('The <em>Full URL</em> option is best for stopping broken images and links in syndicated content (such as in RSS feeds), but will likely lead to problems if your site is accessible by both HTTP and HTTPS. Paths output with the <em>Protocol relative URL</em> option will avoid such problems, but feed readers and other software not using up-to-date standards may be confused by the paths. The <em>Path relative to server root</em> option will avoid problems with sites accessible by both HTTP and HTTPS with no compatibility concerns, but will absolutely not fix broken images and links in syndicated content.'),
      '#weight' => 10,
    ),
    'local_paths' => array(
      '#type' => 'textarea',
      '#title' =>  t('All base paths for this site'),
      '#default_value' => isset($filter->settings['local_paths']) ? $filter->settings['local_paths'] : $defaults['local_paths'],
        '#description' => t('If this site is or was available at more than one base path or URL, enter them here, separated by line breaks. For example, if this site is live at <code>http://example.com/</code> but has a staging version at <code>http://dev.example.org/staging/</code>, you would enter both those URLs here. If confused, please read <a href="!docs">Pathologic&rsquo;s documentation</a> for more information about this option and what it affects.', array('!docs' => 'http://drupal.org/node/257026')),
      '#weight' => 20,
    ),
  );
}

/**
 * Pathologic filter callback.
 *
 * Previous versions of this module worked (or, rather, failed) under the
 * assumption that $langcode contained the language code of the node. Sadly,
 * this isn't the case.
 * @see http://drupal.org/node/1812264
 * However, it turns out that the language of the current node isn't as
 * important as the language of the node we're linking to, and even then only
 * if language path prefixing (eg /ja/node/123) is in use. REMEMBER THIS IN THE
 * FUTURE, ALBRIGHT.
 *
 * The below code uses the @ operator before parse_url() calls because in PHP
 * 5.3.2 and earlier, parse_url() causes a warning of parsing fails. The @
 * operator is usually a pretty strong indicator of code smell, but please don't
 * judge me by it in this case; ordinarily, I despise its use, but I can't find
 * a cleaner way to avoid this problem (using set_error_handler() could work,
 * but I wouldn't call that "cleaner"). Fortunately, Drupal 8 will require at
 * least PHP 5.3.5, so this mess doesn't have to spread into the D8 branch of
 * Pathologic.
 * @see https://drupal.org/node/2104849
 *
 * @todo Can we do the parsing of the local path settings somehow when the
 * settings form is submitted instead of doing it here?
 */
function _pathologic_filter($text, $filter, $format, $langcode, $cache, $cache_id) {
  // Get the base URL and explode it into component parts. We add these parts
  // to the exploded local paths settings later.
  global $base_url;
  $base_url_parts = @parse_url($base_url . '/');
  // Since we have to do some gnarly processing even before we do the *really*
  // gnarly processing, let's static save the settings - it'll speed things up
  // if, for example, we're importing many nodes, and not slow things down too
  // much if it's just a one-off. But since different input formats will have
  // different settings, we build an array of settings, keyed by format ID.
  $cached_settings = &drupal_static(__FUNCTION__, array());
  if (!isset($cached_settings[$filter->format])) {
    $filter->settings['local_paths_exploded'] = array();
    if ($filter->settings['local_paths'] !== '') {
      // Build an array of the exploded local paths for this format's settings.
      // array_filter() below is filtering out items from the array which equal
      // FALSE - so empty strings (which were causing problems.
      // @see http://drupal.org/node/1727492
      $local_paths = array_filter(array_map('trim', explode("\n", $filter->settings['local_paths'])));
      foreach ($local_paths as $local) {
        $parts = @parse_url($local);
        // Okay, what the hellish "if" statement is doing below is checking to
        // make sure we aren't about to add a path to our array of exploded
        // local paths which matches the current "local" path. We consider it
        // not a match, if…
        // @todo: This is pretty horrible. Can this be simplified?
        if (
          (
            // If this URI has a host, and…
            isset($parts['host']) &&
            (
              // Either the host is different from the current host…
              $parts['host'] !== $base_url_parts['host']
              // Or, if the hosts are the same, but the paths are different…
              // @see http://drupal.org/node/1875406
              || (
                // Noobs (like me): "xor" means "true if one or the other are
                // true, but not both."
                (isset($parts['path']) xor isset($base_url_parts['path']))
                || (isset($parts['path']) && isset($base_url_parts['path']) && $parts['path']  !== $base_url_parts['path'])
              )
            )
          ) ||
          // Or…
          (
            // The URI doesn't have a host…
            !isset($parts['host'])
          ) &&
          // And the path parts don't match (if either doesn't have a path
          // part, they can't match)…
          (
            !isset($parts['path']) ||
            !isset($base_url_parts['path']) ||
            $parts['path'] !== $base_url_parts['path']
          )
        ) {
          // Add it to the list.
          $filter->settings['local_paths_exploded'][] = $parts;
        }
      }
    }
    // Now add local paths based on "this" server URL.
    $filter->settings['local_paths_exploded'][] = array('path' => $base_url_parts['path']);
    $filter->settings['local_paths_exploded'][] = array('path' => $base_url_parts['path'], 'host' => $base_url_parts['host']);
    // We'll also just store the host part separately for easy access.
    $filter->settings['base_url_host'] = $base_url_parts['host'];

    $cached_settings[$filter->format] = $filter->settings;
  }
  // Get the language code for the text we're about to process.
  $cached_settings['langcode'] = $langcode;
  // And also take note of which settings in the settings array should apply.
  $cached_settings['current_settings'] = &$cached_settings[$filter->format];

  // Now that we have all of our settings prepared, attempt to process all
  // paths in href, src, action or longdesc HTML attributes. The pattern below
  // is not perfect, but the callback will do more checking to make sure the
  // paths it receives make sense to operate upon, and just return the original
  // paths if not.
  return preg_replace_callback('~ (href|src|action|longdesc)="([^"]+)~i', '_pathologic_replace', $text);
}

/**
 * Process and replace paths. preg_replace_callback() callback.
 */
function _pathologic_replace($matches) {
  // Get the base path.
  global $base_path;

  // Get the settings for the filter. Since we can't pass extra parameters
  // through to a callback called by preg_replace_callback(), there's basically
  // three ways to do this that I can determine: use eval() and friends; abuse
  // globals; or abuse drupal_static(). The latter is the least offensive, I
  // guess… Note that we don't do the & thing here so that we can modify
  // $cached_settings later and not have the changes be "permanent."
  $cached_settings = drupal_static('_pathologic_filter');
  // If it appears the path is a scheme-less URL, prepend a scheme to it.
  // parse_url() cannot properly parse scheme-less URLs. Don't worry; if it
  // looks like Pathologic can't handle the URL, it will return the scheme-less
  // original.
  // @see https://drupal.org/node/1617944
  // @see https://drupal.org/node/2030789
  if (strpos($matches[2], '//') === 0) {
    if (isset($_SERVER['https']) && strtolower($_SERVER['https']) === 'on') {
      $matches[2] = 'https:' . $matches[2];
    }
    else {
      $matches[2] = 'http:' . $matches[2];
    }
  }
  // Now parse the URL after reverting HTML character encoding.
  // @see http://drupal.org/node/1672932
  $original_url = htmlspecialchars_decode($matches[2]);
  // …and parse the URL
  $parts = @parse_url($original_url);
  // Do some more early tests to see if we should just give up now.
  if (
    // If parse_url() failed, give up.
    $parts === FALSE
    || (
      // If there's a scheme part and it doesn't look useful, bail out.
      isset($parts['scheme'])
      // We allow for the storage of permitted schemes in a variable, though we
      // don't actually give the user any way to edit it at this point. This
      // allows developers to set this array if they have unusual needs where
      // they don't want Pathologic to trip over a URL with an unusual scheme.
      // @see http://drupal.org/node/1834308
      // "files" and "internal" are for Path Filter compatibility.
      && !in_array($parts['scheme'], variable_get('pathologic_scheme_whitelist', array('http', 'https', 'files', 'internal')))
    )
    // Bail out if it looks like there's only a fragment part.
    || (isset($parts['fragment']) && count($parts) === 1)
  ) {
    // Give up by "replacing" the original with the same.
    return $matches[0];
  }

  if (isset($parts['path'])) {
    // Undo possible URL encoding in the path.
    // @see http://drupal.org/node/1672932
    $parts['path'] = rawurldecode($parts['path']);
  }
  else {
    $parts['path'] = '';
  }

  // Check to see if we're dealing with a file.
  // @todo Should we still try to do path correction on these files too?
  if (isset($parts['scheme']) && $parts['scheme'] === 'files') {
    // Path Filter "files:" support. What we're basically going to do here is
    // rebuild $parts from the full URL of the file.
    $new_parts = @parse_url(file_create_url(file_default_scheme() . '://' . $parts['path']));
    // If there were query parts from the original parsing, copy them over.
    if (!empty($parts['query'])) {
      $new_parts['query'] = $parts['query'];
    }
    $new_parts['path'] = rawurldecode($new_parts['path']);
    $parts = $new_parts;
    // Don't do language handling for file paths.
    $cached_settings['is_file'] = TRUE;
  }
  else {
    $cached_settings['is_file'] = FALSE;
  }

  // Let's also bail out of this doesn't look like a local path.
  $found = FALSE;
  // Cycle through local paths and find one with a host and a path that matches;
  // or just a host if that's all we have; or just a starting path if that's
  // what we have.
  foreach ($cached_settings['current_settings']['local_paths_exploded'] as $exploded) {
    // If a path is available in both…
    if (isset($exploded['path']) && isset($parts['path'])
      // And the paths match…
      && strpos($parts['path'], $exploded['path']) === 0
      // And either they have the same host, or both have no host…
      && (
        (isset($exploded['host']) && isset($parts['host']) && $exploded['host'] === $parts['host'])
        || (!isset($exploded['host']) && !isset($parts['host']))
      )
    ) {
      // Remove the shared path from the path. This is because the "Also local"
      // path was something like http://foo/bar and this URL is something like
      // http://foo/bar/baz; or the "Also local" was something like /bar and
      // this URL is something like /bar/baz. And we only care about the /baz
      // part.
      $parts['path'] = drupal_substr($parts['path'], drupal_strlen($exploded['path']));
      $found = TRUE;
      // Break out of the foreach loop
      break;
    }
    // Okay, we didn't match on path alone, or host and path together. Can we
    // match on just host? Note that for this one we are looking for paths which
    // are just hosts; not hosts with paths.
    elseif ((isset($parts['host']) && !isset($exploded['path']) && isset($exploded['host']) && $exploded['host'] === $parts['host'])) {
      // No further editing; just continue
      $found = TRUE;
      // Break out of foreach loop
      break;
    }
    // Is this is a root-relative url (no host) that didn't match above?
    // Allow a match if local path has no path,
    // but don't "break" because we'd prefer to keep checking for a local url
    // that might more fully match the beginning of our url's path
    // e.g.: if our url is /foo/bar we'll mark this as a match for
    // http://example.com but want to keep searching and would prefer a match
    // to http://example.com/foo if that's configured as a local path
    elseif (!isset($parts['host']) && (!isset($exploded['path']) || $exploded['path'] === $base_path)) {
      $found = TRUE;
    }
  }

  // If the path is not within the drupal root return original url, unchanged
  if (!$found) {
    return $matches[0];
  }

  // Okay, format the URL.
  // If there's still a slash lingering at the start of the path, chop it off.
  $parts['path'] = ltrim($parts['path'],'/');

  // Examine the query part of the URL. Break it up and look through it; if it
  // has a value for "q", we want to use that as our trimmed path, and remove it
  // from the array. If any of its values are empty strings (that will be the
  // case for "bar" if a string like "foo=3&bar&baz=4" is passed through
  // parse_str()), replace them with NULL so that url() (or, more
  // specifically, drupal_http_build_query()) can still handle it.
  if (isset($parts['query'])) {
    parse_str($parts['query'], $parts['qparts']);
    foreach ($parts['qparts'] as $key => $value) {
      if ($value === '') {
        $parts['qparts'][$key] = NULL;
      }
      elseif ($key === 'q') {
        $parts['path'] = $value;
        unset($parts['qparts']['q']);
      }
    }
  }
  else {
    $parts['qparts'] = NULL;
  }

  // If we don't have a path yet, bail out.
  if (!isset($parts['path'])) {
    return $matches[0];
  }

  // If we didn't previously identify this as a file, check to see if the file
  // exists now that we have the correct path relative to DRUPAL_ROOT
  if (!$cached_settings['is_file']) {
    $cached_settings['is_file'] = !empty($parts['path']) && is_file(DRUPAL_ROOT . '/'. $parts['path']);
  }

  // Okay, deal with language stuff.
  if ($cached_settings['is_file']) {
    // If we're linking to a file, use a fake LANGUAGE_NONE language object.
    // Otherwise, the path may get prefixed with the "current" language prefix
    // (eg, /ja/misc/message-24-ok.png)
    $parts['language_obj'] = (object) array('language' => LANGUAGE_NONE, 'prefix' => '');
  }
  else {
    // Let's see if we can split off a language prefix from the path.
    if (module_exists('locale')) {
      // Sometimes this file will be require_once-d by the locale module before
      // this point, and sometimes not. We require_once it ourselves to be sure.
      require_once DRUPAL_ROOT . '/includes/language.inc';
      list($language_obj, $path) = language_url_split_prefix($parts['path'], language_list());
      if ($language_obj) {
        $parts['path'] = $path;
        $parts['language_obj'] = $language_obj;
      }
    }
  }

  // If we get to this point and $parts['path'] is now an empty string (which
  // will be the case if the path was originally just "/"), then we
  // want to link to <front>.
  if ($parts['path'] === '') {
    $parts['path'] = '<front>';
  }
  // Build the parameters we will send to url()
  $url_params = array(
    'path' => $parts['path'],
    'options' => array(
      'query' => $parts['qparts'],
      'fragment' => isset($parts['fragment']) ? $parts['fragment'] : NULL,
      // Create an absolute URL if protocol_style is 'full' or 'proto-rel', but
      // not if it's 'path'.
      'absolute' => $cached_settings['current_settings']['protocol_style'] !== 'path',
      // If we seem to have found a language for the path, pass it along to
      // url(). Otherwise, ignore the 'language' parameter.
      'language' => isset($parts['language_obj']) ? $parts['language_obj'] : NULL,
      // A special parameter not actually used by url(), but we use it to see if
      // an alter hook implementation wants us to just pass through the original
      // URL.
      'use_original' => FALSE,
    ),
  );

  // Add the original URL to the parts array
  $parts['original'] = $original_url;

  // Now alter!
  // @see http://drupal.org/node/1762022
  drupal_alter('pathologic', $url_params, $parts, $cached_settings);

  // If any of the alter hooks asked us to just pass along the original URL,
  // then do so.
  if ($url_params['options']['use_original']) {
    return $matches[0];
  }

  // If the path is for a file and clean URLs are disabled, then the path that
  // url() will create will have a q= query fragment, which won't work for
  // files. To avoid that, we use this trick to temporarily turn clean URLs on.
  // This is horrible, but it seems to be the sanest way to do this.
  // @see http://drupal.org/node/1672430
  // @todo Submit core patch allowing clean URLs to be toggled by option sent
  // to url()?
  if (!empty($cached_settings['is_file'])) {
    $cached_settings['orig_clean_url'] = !empty($GLOBALS['conf']['clean_url']);
    if (!$cached_settings['orig_clean_url']) {
      $GLOBALS['conf']['clean_url'] = TRUE;
    }
  }

  // Now for the url() call. Drumroll, please…
  $url = url($url_params['path'], $url_params['options']);

  // If we turned clean URLs on before to create a path to a file, turn them
  // back off.
  if ($cached_settings['is_file'] && !$cached_settings['orig_clean_url']) {
    $GLOBALS['conf']['clean_url'] = FALSE;
  }

  // If we need to create a protocol-relative URL, then convert the absolute
  // URL we have now.
  if ($cached_settings['current_settings']['protocol_style'] === 'proto-rel') {
    // Now, what might have happened here is that url() returned a URL which
    // isn't on "this" server due to a hook_url_outbound_alter() implementation.
    // We don't want to convert the URL in that case. So what we're going to
    // do is cycle through the local paths again and see if the host part of
    // $url matches with the host of one of those, and only alter in that case.
    $url_parts = @parse_url($url);
    if (!empty($url_parts['host']) && $url_parts['host'] === $cached_settings['current_settings']['base_url_host']) {
      $url = _pathologic_url_to_protocol_relative($url);
    }
  }

  // Apply HTML character encoding, as is required for HTML attributes.
  // @see http://drupal.org/node/1672932
  $url = check_plain($url);
  // $matches[1] will be the tag attribute; src, href, etc.
  return " {$matches[1]}=\"{$url}";
}

/**
 * Convert a full URL with a protocol to a protocol-relative URL.
 *
 * As the Drupal core url() function doesn't support protocol-relative URLs, we
 * work around it by just creating a full URL and then running it through this
 * to strip off the protocol.
 *
 * Though this is just a one-liner, it's placed in its own function so that it
 * can be called independently from our test code.
 */
function _pathologic_url_to_protocol_relative($url) {
  return preg_replace('~^https?://~', '//', $url);
}
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                                      <h1 id="page-title">#for_healthcare</h1>
                  
                  
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                  <div id="block-system-main" class="block block-system no-title odd first last block-count-7 block-region-content block-main" >  
  
  <section class="nodes"><article id="node-3058" class="node node-tabs-article node-teaser article odd node-lang-fi iat-n clearfix" role="article">
  
      <header class="node-header">
              <h1 class="node-title">
          <a href="/fi/nutrient-rich-high-quality-protein-containing-dairy-foods-combination-exercise-aging-persons" rel="bookmark">Nutrient-rich, high-quality, protein-containing dairy foods in combination with exercise in aging persons to mitigate sarcopenia</a>
        </h1>
          </header>
  
  
  <div class="node-content">
    <div class="field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden view-mode-teaser"><div class="field-items" id="md1"><div class="field-item even"><h3>S.M. Phillips, W. Martinson</h3>
<p><strong><em><span class="bold">Nutr Rev. 2019;77(4):216-229</span></em></strong></p>
<p>This narrative review provides evidence to support a recommendation for per-meal protein targets in older persons that are underpinned by knowledge of muscle protein turnover.</p>
</div></div></div><div class="form-item form-type-item">
  <label>Language </label>
 Finnish
</div>
  </div>

      <nav class="clearfix"><ul class="links inline"><li class="node-readmore first last"><a href="/fi/nutrient-rich-high-quality-protein-containing-dairy-foods-combination-exercise-aging-persons" rel="tag" title="Nutrient-rich, high-quality, protein-containing dairy foods in combination with exercise in aging persons to mitigate sarcopenia">Lue lisää<span class="element-invisible"> su Nutrient-rich, high-quality, protein-containing dairy foods in combination with exercise in aging persons to mitigate sarcopenia</span></a></li></ul></nav>
  
  
  </article>
<article id="node-3045" class="node node-tabs-article node-teaser article even node-lang-fi iat-n clearfix" role="article">
  
      <header class="node-header">
              <h1 class="node-title">
          <a href="/fi/associations-between-dietary-patterns-age-71-and-prevalence-sarcopenia-16-years-later" rel="bookmark">Associations between dietary patterns at age 71 and the prevalence of sarcopenia 16 years later</a>
        </h1>
          </header>
  
  
  <div class="node-content">
    <div class="field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden view-mode-teaser"><div class="field-items" id="md2"><div class="field-item even"><h3>M. Karlsson, W. Becker, K. Michaëlsson, et al.</h3>
<p><strong><em><span class="bold">Clin Nutr. 2019 Apr 18. pii: S0261-5614(19)30182-7. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2019.04.009. [Epub ahead of print]</span></em></strong></p>
<p>The growing recognition of the significance of sarcopenia has highlighted the need to understand etiologic factors, where food intake likely plays a role. The aim was to investigate the association between dietary patterns at mean age 71 and the prevalence of sarcopenia at mean age 87 in a Swedish cohort of community dwelling men.</p>
</div></div></div><div class="form-item form-type-item">
  <label>Language </label>
 Finnish
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  </div>

      <nav class="clearfix"><ul class="links inline"><li class="node-readmore first last"><a href="/fi/associations-between-dietary-patterns-age-71-and-prevalence-sarcopenia-16-years-later" rel="tag" title="Associations between dietary patterns at age 71 and the prevalence of sarcopenia 16 years later">Lue lisää<span class="element-invisible"> su Associations between dietary patterns at age 71 and the prevalence of sarcopenia 16 years later</span></a></li></ul></nav>
  
  
  </article>
<article id="node-3038" class="node node-tabs-article node-teaser article odd node-lang-fi iat-n clearfix" role="article">
  
      <header class="node-header">
              <h1 class="node-title">
          <a href="/fi/effect-nutritional-supplementations-physical-performance-and-muscle-strength-parameters-older-people" rel="bookmark">Effect of nutritional supplementations on physical performance and muscle strength parameters in older people: A systematic review and meta-analysis</a>
        </h1>
          </header>
  
  
  <div class="node-content">
    <div class="field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden view-mode-teaser"><div class="field-items" id="md3"><div class="field-item even"><h3>N .Veronese, B. Stubbs, L. Punzi, et al.</h3>
<p><strong><em><span class="bold">Ageing Res Rev. 2019;51:48-54</span></em></strong></p>
<p>Malnutrition plays a role in the development of poor physical performance, frailty and sarcopenia. The use of nutritional supplementations for improving physical performance and muscle strength parameters in older people is unclear. We therefore aimed to summarize the effect of nutritional supplementations compared to placebo on physical performance (i.e. tests more investigating physical function, utilising aerobic capacity &amp; muscle power) and muscle strength (i.e. tests depending on muscle power) outcomes in older people in randomized controlled trials (RCTs).</p>
</div></div></div><div class="form-item form-type-item">
  <label>Language </label>
 Finnish
</div>
  </div>

      <nav class="clearfix"><ul class="links inline"><li class="node-readmore first last"><a href="/fi/effect-nutritional-supplementations-physical-performance-and-muscle-strength-parameters-older-people" rel="tag" title="Effect of nutritional supplementations on physical performance and muscle strength parameters in older people: A systematic review and meta-analysis">Lue lisää<span class="element-invisible"> su Effect of nutritional supplementations on physical performance and muscle strength parameters in older people: A systematic review and meta-analysis</span></a></li></ul></nav>
  
  
  </article>
<article id="node-3024" class="node node-tabs-article node-teaser article even node-lang-fi iat-n clearfix" role="article">
  
      <header class="node-header">
              <h1 class="node-title">
          <a href="/fi/thirteen-weeks-supplementation-vitamin-d-and-leucine-enriched-whey-protein-nutritional-supplement" rel="bookmark">Thirteen weeks of supplementation of vitamin D and leucine-enriched whey protein nutritional supplement attenuates chronic low-grade inflammation in sarcopenic older adults: the PROVIDE study</a>
        </h1>
          </header>
  
  
  <div class="node-content">
    <div class="field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden view-mode-teaser"><div class="field-items" id="md4"><div class="field-item even"><h3>K. Liberman, R. Njemini, Y. Luiking, et al.</h3>
<p><strong><em><span class="bold">Aging Clin Exp Res. 2019 May 2. doi: 10.1007/s40520-019-01208-4. [Epub ahead of print]</span></em></strong></p>
<p>A chronic low-grade inflammatory profile (CLIP) is associated with sarcopenia in older adults. Protein and Vitamin (Vit)D have immune-modulatory potential, but evidence for effects of nutritional supplementation on CLIP is limited. The aim was to investigate whether 13 weeks of nutritional supplementation of VitD and leucine-enriched whey protein affected CLIP in subjects enrolled in the PROVIDE-study, as a secondary analysis.</p>
</div></div></div><div class="form-item form-type-item">
  <label>Language </label>
 Finnish
</div>
  </div>

      <nav class="clearfix"><ul class="links inline"><li class="node-readmore first last"><a href="/fi/thirteen-weeks-supplementation-vitamin-d-and-leucine-enriched-whey-protein-nutritional-supplement" rel="tag" title="Thirteen weeks of supplementation of vitamin D and leucine-enriched whey protein nutritional supplement attenuates chronic low-grade inflammation in sarcopenic older adults: the PROVIDE study">Lue lisää<span class="element-invisible"> su Thirteen weeks of supplementation of vitamin D and leucine-enriched whey protein nutritional supplement attenuates chronic low-grade inflammation in sarcopenic older adults: the PROVIDE study</span></a></li></ul></nav>
  
  
  </article>
<article id="node-3017" class="node node-tabs-article node-teaser article odd node-lang-fi iat-n clearfix" role="article">
  
      <header class="node-header">
              <h1 class="node-title">
          <a href="/fi/sarcopenia-and-its-association-falls-and-fractures-older-adults-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis" rel="bookmark">Sarcopenia and its association with falls and fractures in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis</a>
        </h1>
          </header>
  
  
  <div class="node-content">
    <div class="field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden view-mode-teaser"><div class="field-items" id="md5"><div class="field-item even"><h3>S.S.Y. Yeung, E.M. Reijniers, V.K. Pham, et al.</h3>
<p><strong><em><span class="bold">J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2019 Apr 16. doi: 10.1002/jcsm.12411. [Epub ahead of print]</span></em></strong></p>
<p>Sarcopenia is a potentially modifiable risk factor for falls and fractures in older adults, but the strength of the association between sarcopenia, falls, and fractures is unclear. This study aims to systematically assess the literature and perform a meta-analysis of the association between sarcopenia with falls and fractures among older adults.</p>
</div></div></div><div class="form-item form-type-item">
  <label>Language </label>
 Finnish
</div>
  </div>

      <nav class="clearfix"><ul class="links inline"><li class="node-readmore first last"><a href="/fi/sarcopenia-and-its-association-falls-and-fractures-older-adults-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis" rel="tag" title="Sarcopenia and its association with falls and fractures in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis">Lue lisää<span class="element-invisible"> su Sarcopenia and its association with falls and fractures in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis</span></a></li></ul></nav>
  
  
  </article>
<article id="node-3008" class="node node-tabs-article node-teaser article even node-lang-fi iat-n clearfix" role="article">
  
      <header class="node-header">
              <h1 class="node-title">
          <a href="/fi/gait-speed-mediator-effect-sarcopenia-dependency-activities-daily-living" rel="bookmark">Gait speed as a mediator of the effect of sarcopenia on dependency in activities of daily living</a>
        </h1>
          </header>
  
  
  <div class="node-content">
    <div class="field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden view-mode-teaser"><div class="field-items" id="md6"><div class="field-item even"><h3>M.A. Perez-Sousa, L.C. Venegas-Sanabria, D.A. Chavarro-Carvajal, et al.</h3>
<p><strong><em><span class="bold">J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2019 May 8. doi: 10.1002/jcsm.12444. [Epub ahead of print]</span></em></strong></p>
<p>Sarcopenia in older adults is strongly associated with an increase in dependency in activities of daily living (ADL) and with a decline in gait speed. Interestingly, gait speed has been shown to independently predict mortality. In this context, our study aimed to explore the mediator role of gait speed on the relationship between sarcopenia and dependency in ADL.</p>
</div></div></div><div class="form-item form-type-item">
  <label>Language </label>
 Finnish
</div>
  </div>

      <nav class="clearfix"><ul class="links inline"><li class="node-readmore first last"><a href="/fi/gait-speed-mediator-effect-sarcopenia-dependency-activities-daily-living" rel="tag" title="Gait speed as a mediator of the effect of sarcopenia on dependency in activities of daily living">Lue lisää<span class="element-invisible"> su Gait speed as a mediator of the effect of sarcopenia on dependency in activities of daily living</span></a></li></ul></nav>
  
  
  </article>
<article id="node-3003" class="node node-tabs-article node-teaser article odd node-lang-fi iat-n clearfix" role="article">
  
      <header class="node-header">
              <h1 class="node-title">
          <a href="/fi/sex-specific-differences-association-vitamin-d-low-lean-mass-and-frailty-results-berlin-aging-0" rel="bookmark">Sex-specific differences in the association of vitamin D with low lean mass and frailty: Results from the Berlin Aging Study II</a>
        </h1>
          </header>
  
  
  <div class="node-content">
    <div class="field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden view-mode-teaser"><div class="field-items" id="md7"><div class="field-item even"><h3>D. Spira, N. Buchmann, M. König, et al.</h3>
<p><strong><em><span class="bold">Nutrition. 2019;62:1-6</span></em></strong></p>
<p>Sex-specific differences in factors associated with aging and lifespan, such as sarcopenia and disease development, are increasingly recognized. The study aims to assess sex-specific aspects of the association between vitamin D insufficiency and low lean mass as well as between vitamin D insufficiency and the frailty phenotype.</p>
</div></div></div><div class="form-item form-type-item">
  <label>Language </label>
 Finnish
</div>
  </div>

      <nav class="clearfix"><ul class="links inline"><li class="node-readmore first last"><a href="/fi/sex-specific-differences-association-vitamin-d-low-lean-mass-and-frailty-results-berlin-aging-0" rel="tag" title="Sex-specific differences in the association of vitamin D with low lean mass and frailty: Results from the Berlin Aging Study II">Lue lisää<span class="element-invisible"> su Sex-specific differences in the association of vitamin D with low lean mass and frailty: Results from the Berlin Aging Study II</span></a></li></ul></nav>
  
  
  </article>
<article id="node-2987" class="node node-tabs-article node-teaser article even node-lang-fi iat-n clearfix" role="article">
  
      <header class="node-header">
              <h1 class="node-title">
          <a href="/fi/impact-sarcopenia-and-frailty-multicenter-cohort-polypathological-patients" rel="bookmark">Impact of Sarcopenia and Frailty in a Multicenter Cohort of Polypathological Patients</a>
        </h1>
          </header>
  
  
  <div class="node-content">
    <div class="field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden view-mode-teaser"><div class="field-items" id="md8"><div class="field-item even"><h3>M. Bernabeu-Wittel, Á. González-Molina, R. Fernández-Ojeda, et al.</h3>
<p><strong><em><span class="bold">J Clin Med. 2019 Apr 18;8(4). pii: E535. doi: 10.3390/jcm8040535.</span></em></strong></p>
<p>We performed a multicenter prospective observational study in six hospitals in order to assess prevalence, clinical features, outcome and associated risk factors of sarcopenia and frailty in a hospital-based population of polypathological patients.</p>
</div></div></div><div class="form-item form-type-item">
  <label>Language </label>
 Finnish
</div>
  </div>

      <nav class="clearfix"><ul class="links inline"><li class="node-readmore first last"><a href="/fi/impact-sarcopenia-and-frailty-multicenter-cohort-polypathological-patients" rel="tag" title="Impact of Sarcopenia and Frailty in a Multicenter Cohort of Polypathological Patients">Lue lisää<span class="element-invisible"> su Impact of Sarcopenia and Frailty in a Multicenter Cohort of Polypathological Patients</span></a></li></ul></nav>
  
  
  </article>
<article id="node-2972" class="node node-tabs-article node-teaser article odd node-lang-fi iat-n clearfix" role="article">
  
      <header class="node-header">
              <h1 class="node-title">
          <a href="/fi/ultrasound-measurement-rectus-femoris-muscle-thickness-quick-screening-test-sarcopenia-assessment-0" rel="bookmark"> Ultrasound measurement of rectus femoris muscle thickness as a quick screening test for sarcopenia assessment  </a>
        </h1>
          </header>
  
  
  <div class="node-content">
    <div class="field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden view-mode-teaser"><div class="field-items" id="md9"><div class="field-item even"><h3>K. Rustani, L. Kundisova, P.L. Capecchi, et al.</h3>
<p><strong><em><span class="bold">Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2019;83:151-154</span></em></strong></p>
<p>According to European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) the diagnosis of sarcopenia requires the assessment of muscle mass, muscle force and function, that is time-consuming and not easily at hand in everyday clinical practice. We propose the B-mode ultrasound measurement of muscle thickness as a quick screening test to assess the presence of sarcopenia.</p>
</div></div></div><div class="form-item form-type-item">
  <label>Language </label>
 Finnish
</div>
  </div>

      <nav class="clearfix"><ul class="links inline"><li class="node-readmore first last"><a href="/fi/ultrasound-measurement-rectus-femoris-muscle-thickness-quick-screening-test-sarcopenia-assessment-0" rel="tag" title=" Ultrasound measurement of rectus femoris muscle thickness as a quick screening test for sarcopenia assessment  ">Lue lisää<span class="element-invisible"> su  Ultrasound measurement of rectus femoris muscle thickness as a quick screening test for sarcopenia assessment  </span></a></li></ul></nav>
  
  
  </article>
<article id="node-2953" class="node node-tabs-article node-teaser article even node-lang-fi iat-n clearfix" role="article">
  
      <header class="node-header">
              <h1 class="node-title">
          <a href="/fi/circulating-factors-associated-sarcopenia-during-ageing-and-after-intensive-lifestyle-intervention-0" rel="bookmark">Circulating factors associated with sarcopenia during ageing and after intensive lifestyle intervention</a>
        </h1>
          </header>
  
  
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    <div class="field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden view-mode-teaser"><div class="field-items" id="md10"><div class="field-item even"><h3>C.W. Li, K. Yu, N. Shyh-Chang, et al.</h3>
<p><strong><em><span class="bold">J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2019 Apr 10. doi: 10.1002/jcsm.12417. [Epub ahead of print]</span></em></strong></p>
<p>In this study, we evaluated whether proinflammatory cytokines are associated with the onset of sarcopenia, which circulating factors are associated with the severity of sarcopenia, and how these factors change after lifestyle interventions in sarcopenic elderly persons.</p>
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